A–Z Glossary

Hypothermia

Hypothermia is a dangerous drop in body temperature that may cause lethargy, confusion, shivering changes, drowsiness, or very cold pale skin.

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How babies adapt to new environments

How babies adapt to new environments

The first hours after birth: a major physiologic transition In utero, a fetus is buffered by a constant temperature, continuous nutrient delivery, and a relatively stable sensory environment. Birth ends that protected state abruptly. The newborn must begin thermoregulation, maintain euglycemia, coordinate breathing and circulation, and tolerate intermittent feeding while the autonomic nervous system is […]

Emergency preparedness for baby

Emergency preparedness for baby

Why babies need a different emergency plan Emergency preparedness for a baby is not simply an adult kit with smaller diapers added. Infants have distinct physiologic and practical vulnerabilities. They have limited thermoregulatory reserve, a higher surface-area-to-body-mass ratio, immature immune defenses, and a limited ability to communicate thirst, respiratory distress, pain, or overheating. They also […]

Seasonal clothing guide and how many clothes children need

Seasonal clothing guide and how many clothes children need

Start with the child, not the closet A useful seasonal wardrobe begins with the child’s actual life. A preschooler who paints, climbs, and has occasional toileting accidents needs more washable play clothes than a ten-year-old who changes after school and keeps uniforms clean. A child in a mild coastal climate may need only light layers, […]

Choosing rain gear for children by age and activity level

Choosing rain gear for children by age and activity level

Start with the child, not the forecast Choosing rain gear is easier when you begin with your child’s age, motor skills, sensory preferences, and planned activity. A toddler walking to daycare for ten minutes has different needs from a nine-year-old hiking in steady rain or a teen cycling to practice. Rain gear should keep external […]