A–Z Glossary

Adhesions

Abdominal adhesions are bands of internal scar tissue that can make later surgery longer, more difficult, and more likely to injure nearby organs.

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Short-term and long-term complications of cesarean

Short-term and long-term complications of cesarean

Cesarean Is Common, Useful, and Still Major Surgery A cesarean delivery involves abdominal wall entry, opening of the uterus, delivery of the baby and placenta, closure of several tissue layers, and management of anesthesia, bleeding, infection prevention, and postoperative pain. Because it is performed so often, it can sometimes sound routine. For an individual patient, […]

Physical effects of cesarean on the body

Physical effects of cesarean on the body

Why cesarean recovery affects several body systems A cesarean section creates surgical openings through the skin, subcutaneous tissue, fascia, abdominal muscles or their midline separation, peritoneal layers, and the uterus. Even when the operation is uncomplicated, the body must repair tissue trauma while also reversing the physiologic changes of pregnancy. Blood volume, fluid balance, coagulation […]

VBAC and risks of multiple C-sections

VBAC and risks of multiple C-sections

Understanding VBAC and trial of labor after cesarean VBAC means vaginal birth after cesarean. The labor process that may lead to VBAC is called a trial of labor after cesarean, often abbreviated TOLAC. These terms matter because VBAC describes the outcome, while TOLAC describes the planned attempt. A person may plan TOLAC and have a […]