What it means to stop treatment Stopping treatment means discontinuing a specific intervention because it is no longer the best way to meet the patient’s goals or medical needs. It does not mean abandonment, neglect, or the end of professional…

Understanding IVF failure: not every failure has the same meaning IVF is a highly controlled treatment, but it cannot control every biological step required for a pregnancy. A cycle may fail at several points: the ovaries may produce fewer follicles…

Why fertility treatment costs are hard to predict Fertility care is not priced like a single appointment. It is a sequence of evaluation, monitoring, medication, procedures, laboratory services, and follow-up. Some people need only ovulation tracking and a relatively simple…

What surrogacy means in reproductive medicine Surrogacy is an arrangement in which one person carries a pregnancy for another individual or couple, called the intended parent or intended parents. The person carrying the pregnancy may be called a surrogate or…

What egg freezing can and cannot do Egg freezing involves stimulating the ovaries with injectable hormones, monitoring follicle growth with ultrasound and blood tests, retrieving eggs through a minor procedure, and freezing mature eggs using vitrification, a rapid-freezing technique. If…

What donor sperm means in reproductive medicine Donor sperm refers to sperm provided by someone who is not intended to be the social or legal father or co-parent of the child, unless a specific directed-donor arrangement and legal framework says…

What fertility preservation means Fertility preservation refers to medical techniques used to store reproductive cells, embryos, or tissue for potential future use. The most established approaches are mature oocyte cryopreservation, commonly called egg freezing; sperm cryopreservation, often called sperm banking;…

What donor-egg IVF means Donor-egg IVF is an assisted reproductive technology in which an egg from another person is fertilized with sperm to create an embryo. The embryo is then transferred into the uterus of the intended parent or gestational…

What FET is trying to achieve A frozen embryo transfer is not simply a technical placement of an embryo into the uterus. The central biological goal is synchrony: the embryo’s developmental stage must match the receptivity of the endometrium. In…

What is PGT genetic testing? Preimplantation genetic testing is an embryo testing strategy used during IVF. Eggs are retrieved after ovarian stimulation, fertilized in the laboratory, and cultured for several days, often to the blastocyst stage. A small number of…