Highlights Vaginal bleeding during pregnancy, especially in early stages, is common and does not always indicate a miscarriage. Causes of early pregnancy bleeding can include implantation bleeding, ectopic pregnancy, molar pregnancy, and miscarriage. Bleeding in later pregnancy is often caused…

Highlights When you have anaemia, your blood doesn’t have enough healthy red blood cells or haemoglobin to carry oxygen around your body and to your baby. Iron deficiency is the main cause of anaemia during pregnancy. If you have anaemia,…

Highlights Varicose veins are swollen blood vessels that develop if blood pools in your veins. They usually appear on your legs, but can also affect your vulva or rectum. They can cause leg pain that gets worse at the end…

Highlights Thrush is a yeast infection that can cause vaginal discomfort, itching, and discharge, and is more common during pregnancy. During breastfeeding, thrush can affect the nipples and a baby’s mouth. If symptoms appear during pregnancy or breastfeeding, it is…

Highlights Vaginal discharge helps keep your vagina clean and moist and plays a role in preventing infections. It’s normal to experience more vaginal discharge during pregnancy, but it should resemble your usual discharge in appearance. During pregnancy, there is an…

Highlights Swelling in the feet and ankles is common during pregnancy. Although it can be uncomfortable, it’s typically not a cause for concern. However, it’s important to understand the reasons behind this pregnancy symptom. Three main factors contribute to swelling…

Highlights Stretch marks are common during pregnancy, especially on the abdomen, thighs, and breasts. These marks form when the skin stretches due to rapid weight gain, particularly in the third trimester. There is no proven treatment to prevent stretch marks,…

Highlights Morning sickness is a feeling of nausea or actual vomiting (being sick) during pregnancy. It is more likely to occur during the first trimester of pregnancy. Morning sickness typically resolves by the second trimester for most women. There is…

Highlights Up to 3 in 10 people who are pregnant experience leg cramps. Cramps most commonly affect the calf muscles. Leg cramps are more frequent at night, particularly in late pregnancy. Stretching leg muscles before bed and staying well-hydrated can…

Highlights Indigestion (dyspepsia) is discomfort or pain in your stomach. Heartburn is a burning pain in your stomach and chest caused by stomach acid. Heartburn is common during pregnancy due to hormonal changes and the pressure of the uterus on…