A–Z Glossary

Settling pause

Time-out is a brief, planned removal from reinforcement after a defined unsafe or disruptive behavior, followed by calm return and reconnection.

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Helping baby settle independently

Helping baby settle independently

What independent settling means in infancy Independent settling is the developing ability to fall asleep, or return to sleep after a normal arousal, in a safe sleep space without needing the same level of caregiver assistance every time. It can include quietly looking around, sucking a hand, making small movements, vocalising briefly, or having a […]

Child emotional outbursts what to do

Child emotional outbursts what to do

Understand what an outburst is communicating A child’s emotional outburst is often a behavioral expression of an overwhelmed nervous system rather than a deliberate attempt to make life difficult. Young children have rapidly developing limbic reactivity but still-immature prefrontal systems for inhibition, working memory, flexible thinking, and future-oriented decision-making. In plain language, big feelings arrive […]

Positive discipline techniques explained

Positive discipline techniques explained

What positive discipline means Positive discipline is a guidance approach built on two principles: the child is worthy of respect, and the adult remains responsible for setting limits. It aims to teach self-control, problem-solving, empathy, and accountability. This differs from punishment that relies mainly on fear, shame, pain, or withdrawal of affection. It also differs […]

Discipline techniques that actually work

Discipline techniques that actually work

Start with the real goal: self-regulation, not obedience at any cost Effective discipline aims to help children learn what to do next time. Immediate compliance can be useful, especially for safety, but it is not the whole goal. A child who stops crying because they are frightened has not necessarily learned emotional regulation; a child […]